Transport at Nanoscale Interfaces Laboratory

An antipodal Vivaldi antenna for improved far-field properties and polarization manipulation of broadband terahertz quantum cascade lasers

Senica U, Mavrona E, Olariu T, Forrer A, Shahmohammadi M, Beck M, Faist J & Scalari G

Applied Physics Letters, 116(16), 161105 (5 pp.) 2020

https://doi.org/10.1063/5.0004038

Abstract
We present an antipodal Vivaldi antenna for broadband double metal waveguide terahertz quantum cascade lasers and frequency combs. Its exponentially curved flare profile results in an adiabatic in-plane mode expansion, producing an improved far-field with a single-lobed beam of (23° × 19°) full width half maximum with an octave-spanning bandwidth. The antenna also acts as a wave retarder, rotating the polarization from vertical toward horizontal polarization by a frequency-dependent angle. The laser's emission spectrum and current-voltage characteristics are not affected, as well as frequency comb operation. Measurements agree well with numerical simulations, and the proposed antenna covers a broad spectral range (1.5-4.5 THz).