Biosensors for pathogen detection are analytical tools that integrate a biological recognition element with a transducer to detect specific bacterial targets. Common types include optical, electrochemical, and piezoelectric biosensors, which translate biological interactions into measurable signals. Unlike traditional culture-based methods, biosensors dramatically shorten detection time and can be miniaturized for use in point-of-care settings. Their capacity for early and accurate identification of pathogens makes them essential in managing infectious diseases and protecting public health. We are particularly interested in developing biosensors with high specificity and robustness for the early detection of clinically important bacterial pathogens.